Mid Term Exam free essay sample

You work with a Government agency managing several large defense contracts. On one of these contracts with a contractor named ATI, an issue has arisen concerning the allowability of certain ATI incurred and invoiced costs. ATIs contract is a cost plus award fee contract. The specific costs in question involve some $50,000 in costs running the ATI fitness center at the ATI main business campus. Additionally, ATI paid $500,000 to a political action committee (PAC) which supports legislative initiatives for defense contractors. Finally, ATI incurred and invoiced the Government $1. 5 million for its legal fees associated with a proceeding brought against it by the local U. S. Attorneys Office for an alleged violation of the False Claims Act under 31 U. S. C. 3730. This False Claims act matter was ultimately resolved and settled through a consent decree between the parties. Before he visits the local DCAA auditor for guidance on what actions to take, your boss want you to prepare an essay advising him on whether any of these three sums are allowable under the FAR. We will write a custom essay sample on Mid Term Exam or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page I would advise my boss of the regulations set forth in the FAR that he may use to his discretion. 1st Sum- Far part 31. 205-13 Employee morale, health, welfare, food service, and dormitory costs and credits states that â€Å"(a) Aggregate costs incurred on activities designed to improve working conditions, employer-employee relations, employee morale, and employee performance (less income generated by these activities) are allowable, subject to the limitations contained in this subsection. Some examples of allowable activities are— (1) House publications; (2) Health clinics; (3) Wellness/fitness centers; (4) Employee counseling services; and (5) Food and dormitory services for the contractor’s employees at or near the contractor’s facilities. The fact that they are running a fitness center is completely authorized under the FAR. 2nd Sum- FAR 31. 205-47 Costs related to legal and other proceedings states that â€Å"(b) In accordance with 41 U. S. C. 4310 and 10 U. S. C. 2324(k), costs incurred in connection with any proceeding brought by a Federal, State, local, or foreign government, or by a contractor or subcontractor employee submitting a whistleblower complaint of reprisal in accordance with 41 U. S. C. 4712 or 10 U. S. C. 2409, for violation of, or a failure to comply with, law or regulation by the contractor (including its agents or employees), or costs incurred in connection with any proceeding brought by a third party in the name of the United States under the False Claims Act, 31 U. S. C. 3730, are unallowable if the result is— (1) In a criminal proceeding, a conviction; (2) In a civil or administrative proceeding, either a finding of contractor liability where the proceeding involves an allegation of fraud or similar misconduct; or imposition of a monetary penalty, or an order issued by the agency head to the contractor or subcontractor to take corrective action under 41 U. S. C. 4712 or 10 U. S. C. 2409, where the proceeding does not involve an allegation of fraud or similar misconduct; In a typical consent decree, the defendant has already ceased or agrees to cease the conduct alleged by the plaintiff to be illegal and consents to a court injunction barring the conduct in the future. These costs are not authorized under the FAR 3rd Sum- FAR 31. 205-22 Lobbying and political activity costs states â€Å"(a) Costs associated with the following activities are unallowable: (2) Establishing, administering, contributing to, or paying the expenses of a political party, campaign, political action committee, or other organization established for the purpose of influencing the outcomes of elections; These costs are not authorized under the FAR. †¢Essay Question #2: Vandy Inc. s CEO was particularly proud of his firms work supporting Special Agent Tom Know-it-All and the FBI in a recent sting operation. In fact, Vandy Inc. had provided numerous supplies and services to the FBI to assist it with its operations. Unfortunately, it now appears that Special Agent Know-it-All was not authorized to retain the services of Vandy Inc. despite Agent Know-it-Alls previous assurances to the contrary. Vandy is now out $5000. 00 and desires to be reimbursed for its costs plus a reasonable profit for supporting important and dangerous undercover work. Will Vandy Inc. get paid by the FBI? Remember to fully articulate your rationale to support your conclusion. Unfortunately not, Vandy’s Inc. , will not be reimbursed, nor will they collect any profits for their assistance. The Antideficiency Act prohibits federal employees from: †¢making or authorizing an expenditure from, or creating or authorizing an obligation under, any appropriation or fund in excess of the amount available in the appropriation or fund unless authorized by law. 31 U. S. C.  § 1341(a)(1)(A). †¢involving the government in any obligation to pay money before funds have been appropriated for that purpose, unless otherwise allowed by law. 31 U. S. C.  § 1341(a)(1)(B). †¢accepting voluntary services for the United States, or employing personal services not authorized by law, except in cases of emergency involving the safety of human life or the protection of property. 31 U. S. C.  § 1342. †¢making obligations or expenditures in excess of an apportionment or reapportionment, or in excess of the amount permitted by agency regulations. 31 U. S. C.  § 1517(a). Agent Know-It-All was not authorized to obligate government funds for this case and therefore by federal law Vandy’s cannot collect any payment. †¢Essay Question #3: Innovative Concepts believed that it had a great idea to assist the United States Navy with its military operations in the Pacific. Accordingly, it proceeded to set up a meeting with Navy Commander Strithers to further explore its concept. Both the Navy and Innovative Concepts met several times over the following several months resulting in the submission of a proposal from Innovative to the Navy. On the other hand, Drawn-out LLC believes the Navy should be competing this critical Navy requirement and is now contemplating the submission of a GAO Protest to stop the Navy from proceeding and awarding a contract to Innovative Concepts. If you were advising the Navy, what steps would you counsel its Contracting Officer to take and why? Would you allow the contract to be awarded to Innovative Concepts? If I were advising the Navy I would certainly detour their decision in this award being directly to Innovative Concepts. Under FAR Federal statutes and regulations require that both negotiated contracts and sealed bid contracts be competitively awarded to the maximum extent practical, with the objective of obtaining the contracts most advantageous to the U. S. Government. FAR 6. 302 offers for circumstances that would otherwise not require full and open competition but not enough facts are given about the question to make an accurate determination if any exceptions are applicable. Of the FAR 6. 302 Circumstances permitting other than full and open competition, I find only one that may be applicable if the nature of the given situation is classified. 6. 302-6 National security states â€Å"Full and open competition need not be provided for when the disclosure of the agency’s needs would compromise the national security unless the agency is permitted to limit the number of sources from which it solicits bids or proposals. † The Competition in Contracting Act of 1984 (CICA) requires that an agency obtain full and open competition in its procurements through the use of competitive procedures. Exceptions to this general requirement are provided in the statute where there is only one responsible source able to meet the agency’s requirements, or the requirement is of unusual and compelling urgency. I will make the assumption that the military operations in the Pacific that have been discussed between the Navy Commander and the representatives of Innovative are not in compliance to meet the requirements of the National Security. With this being said, I would NOT allow the contract to be directly awarded to innovations unless the proper approval of the justification as outlined in FAR 6. 304 can be provided to me. †¢Essay Question #4: The Department of the Navy issued a request for proposal (RFP) to obtain a cost type contract for services to help operate one of its satellite control centers. The RFP also stated that the contract was to be awarded to the offeror giving the Government greatest confidence that it would best meet the requirements in an affordable manner. The RFP evaluation criteria included factors such as mission capability and program management along with proposal risk, cost/price, and past performance. After the receipt of four proposals, the Navy Contracting Officer sent various evaluation notices (ENs) to all of the contractors requesting additional information from them regarding proposed subcontractor past performance information. This additional past performance data, among other things, allowed the Navy to complete a Most Probable Cost analysis for one of the offerors and therefore make an award without discussions to that contractor based on its lower overall cost and value consistent with the evaluation criteria. Not surprisingly, the other three disappointed contractors have now protested this award claiming that the Navy violated applicable law and regulations by actually conducting discussions with the winner and not with them. Your boss has now asked you to provide an essay advising him as to whether the protesters are correct. There are a few items I would address is preparing an essay for my boss on this scenario. I would address the fact that the FAR does state a contracting officer has to abide by the criteria set forth and published in their evaluation criteria. They have a lot of authority in determining capability and the selection process, but they have to stay in accordance with their solicitation data. FAR 15. 308 â€Å"The source selection authority’s (SSA) decision shall be based on a comparative assessment of proposals against all source selection criteria in the solicitation. † Since the Navy used a â€Å"most Probable Cost Analysis† and concluded that one of the contractors met their criteria for â€Å"greatest confidence that it would best meet the requirements in an affordable manner† I feel this regulation was followed. If there had been more evidence given that the Navy chose to do a trade off or weighted cost as the primary factor contrary to the criteria solicitation, then that would have gone against the regulation. Another area of emphasis would be from the sentence â€Å"the Navy violated applicable law and regulations by actually conducting discussions with the winner and not with them. † As it does not specify, I will assume they mean post award discussions. For post award notices the FAR says the contracting officer shall within 3 days of the contract award, provide written notification to each offerer whose proposal was in the competitive range but was not selected for award and had not been previously notified (pre-award notification). If the COR in fact had not sent out his notifications as illustrated from the passage of question 4, then yes, he is in violation. For those who wish to request one, FAR 15. 306 (d) allows â€Å"Offerors excluded or otherwise eliminated from the competitive range may request a debriefing (see 15. 505 and 15. 506). If it is assumed that award was made with no pre-award discussion this can go one of two ways. FAR 15. 306 (a) Exchanges with offerors after receipt of proposals. (3) Award may be made without discussions if the solicitation states that the Government intends to evaluate proposals and make award without discussions. If the solicitation contains such a notice and the Government determines it is necessary to conduct discussions, the rationale for doing so shall be documented in the contract file (see the provision at 52. 215-1) (10 U. S. C. 2305(b)(4)(A)(ii) and 41 U. S. C. 253b(d)(1)(B)). FAR 15. 306 (d) (3) After Establishment of Competitive Range At a minimum, the contracting officer must, subject to paragraphs (d)(5) and (e) of this section and 15. 307(a), indicate to, or discuss with, each offeror still being considered for award, deficiencies, significant weaknesses, and adverse past performance information to which the offeror has not yet had an opportunity to respond. The contracting officer also is encouraged to discuss other aspects of the offeror’s proposal that could, in the opinion of the contracting officer, be altered or explained to enhance materially the proposal’s potential for award. However, the contracting officer is not required to discuss every area where the proposal could be improved. The scope and extent of discussions are a matter of contracting officer judgment. (4) In discussing other aspects of the proposal, the Government may, in situations where the solicitation stated that evaluation credit would be given for technical solutions exceeding any mandatory minimums, negotiate with offerors for increased performance beyond any mandatory minimums, and the Government may suggest to offerors that have exceeded any mandatory minimums (in ways that are not integral to the design), that their proposals would be more competitive if the excesses were removed and the offered price decreased. (5) If, after discussions have begun, an offeror originally in the competitive range is no longer considered to be among the most highly rated offerors being considered for award, that offeror may be eliminated from the competitive range whether or not all material aspects of the proposal have been discussed, or whether or not the offeror has been afforded an opportunity to submit a proposal revision (see 15. 307(a) and 15. 503(a)(1)). Having revised the FAR 15. 306 (d) it is evident that so long as the Navy no longer considered the other contractors to be within the competitive range, that offerer may be eliminated. The COR is not required to allow them to discuss all material aspects of the proposal. However, a powerful section here is that 15. 306 (d) (2) â€Å"The primary objective of discussions is to maximize the Government’s ability to obtain best value, based on the requirement and the evaluation factors set forth in the solicitation. † If the COR failed to hold pre-award discussions with the other vendors, then how will it justify in a protest that he determined the awarded contractor to offer the government greatest confidence that it would meet the requirements in an affordable manner? The last items I would address in my essay to the boss would be the circumstances necessary for the protesters to win. To prevail in a bid protest, a protester must show a significant, prejudicial error in the procurement process. See Statistica, Inc. v. Christopher, 102 F. 3d 1577, 1581 (Fed. Cir. 1996); Data Gen. Corp. v. Johnson, 78 F. 3d 1556, 1562 (Fed. Cir. 1996). To establish prejudice, a protester is not required to show that but for the alleged error, the protester would have been awarded the contract. Data General, 78 F. 3d at 1562 (citation omitted). Rather, the protester must show that there was a substantial chance it would have received the contract award but for that error. Statistica, 102 F. 3d at 1582; see CACI, Inc. -Fed. v. United States, 719 F. 2d 1567, 1574-75 (Fed. Cir. 1983) (to establish competitive prejudice, protester must demonstrate that but for the alleged error, there was a substantial chance that [it] would receive an awardthat it was within the zone of active consideration Evaluating the relative merits of competing proposals is a matter within the discretion of the contracting agency since the agency is responsible for defining its needs and the best method of accommodating them, and it must bear the burden resulting from a defective evaluation. Advanced Technology and Research Corp. , B-257451. 2, Dec. 9, 1994, 94-2 CPD  ¶ 230; Marine Animal Prods. Intl, Inc. , B-247150. 2, July 13, 1992, 92-2 CPD  ¶ 16. †¢Essay Question #5: Describe and distinguish the following two key government contracting principles: contractor responsibility and responsiveness in the context of contract formation. Be sure to provide all applicable FAR references to support your essay. Contractor Responsibility as outlined in the FAR Part 9. 104-1, is a contracting principle that ensures contractors who wish to engage in dealings with United States Government are determined responsible by the COR. The COR is making purchases with tax payers money and therefor they have to make sure they selecting contractors in the best interest of the nation. To be determined responsible, a prospective contractor must— (a) Have adequate financial resources to perform the contract, or the ability to obtain them (see 9. 104-3(a)); (b) Be able to comply with the required or proposed delivery or performance schedule, taking into consideration all existing commercial and governmental business commitments; (c) Have a satisfactory performance record (see 9. 104-3(b) and Subpart 42. 15). A prospective contractor shall not be determined responsible or nonresponsible solely on the basis of a lack of relevant performance history, except as provided in 9. 104-2; (d) Have a satisfactory record of integrity and business ethics (for example, see Subpart 42. 15). (e) Have the necessary organization, experience, accounting and operational controls, and technical skills, or the ability to obtain them (including, as appropriate, such elements as production control procedures, property control systems, quality assurance measures, and safety programs applicable to materials to be produced or services to be performed by the prospective contractor and subcontractors). (See 9. 104-3(a). ) (f) Have the necessary production, construction, and technical equipment and facilities, or the ability to obtain them (see 9. 104-3(a)); and (g) Be otherwise qualified and eligible to receive an award under applicable laws and regulations (see also inverted domestic corporation prohibition at 9. 108). Responsiveness is a contracting principle aimed at establishing a level playing field for all would be government contractors. When price is the only factor being considered all the other elements of the procurement must be identical in order to give each competitor the very same chance of doing business with the government. Maintaining the requirement also helps in eliminating potential fraudulent activities. In order for a bid to be deemed responsive it must comply with all material respects with the invitation to bid. FAR 14. 301 states, â€Å"(a) To be considered for award, a bid must comply in all material respects with the invitation for bids. Such compliance enables bidders to stand on an equal footing and maintain the integrity of the sealed bidding system. (b) Telegraphic bids shall not be considered unless permitted by the invitation. The term â€Å"telegraphic bids† means bids submitted by telegram or by mailgram. (c) Facsimile bids shall not be considered unless permitted by the solicitation (see 14. 202-7). (d) Bids should be filled out, executed, and submitted in accordance with the instructions in the invitation. If a bidder uses its own bid form or a letter to submit a bid, the bid may be considered only if— (1) The bidder accepts all the terms and conditions of the invitation; and (2) Award on the bid would result in a binding contract with terms and conditions that do not vary from the terms and conditions of the invitation. (e) Bids submitted by electronic commerce shall be considered only if the electronic commerce method was specifically stipulated or permitted by the solicitation.

buy custom Healthcare Disparities essay

buy custom Healthcare Disparities essay Despite the efforts that may be directed towards the fight against all forms of inequality: racism, stereotyping or discrimination or segregation, a lot is left to be admired in such fights. Governments have waged interminable wars on these enemies but unfortunately enough, they are still a nagging figure in the society. It is universally accepted that if there is any species that has been a victim of these injustices, then that species must be the woman. This essay explores the connection between systems of privilege and inequality in health and productive issues affecting white women and women of color. This will be achieved by citing examples of disease acquisition in them. The conclusion will highlight the governments health agenda for the next decade. Contributions of organizations, support groups and clinics in addressing womens heath issues will be handled. The US has a long history of large inequalities in health as well as access to efficient healthcare between races. These have persisted from the time of Martin Luther King Jr. in 1966 when he termed such acts as inhumane. Though it is long since the Civil Rights Act was passed in 1964, the American health industry still harbors racial discrimination. Differences in health care include disparities in the quality of care grounded on race and the overall health insurance cover awarded based on race. What causes such disparities? Three factors contribute to them.One of them is the personal, environmental and socio-economic traits of various ethnic and racial groups. Another contributor is the quality of heath care that different ethnic or social groups receive and lastly the barriers they encounter in entering the health care system. In examining the issue surrounding the white woman and the woman of color, disparities exist in their child mortality rate. Research shows that African-American babies have low birth weight when compared to the European-American counterparts. The mortality rare of the babies with the women of color is twice than in the white women. As if this is not enough, the life expectancy in white women is five years higher than in their counterparts. All these disparities are attributed to inequalities in the provision of health services. Many women of color and especially the African- American cannot access medical care effectively. A number of reasons as dicscussed below cause this situation. Inaccessibility of medical services by a portion (of course not all lest we be pessimists) of American non-white women is caused by lack of medical insurance. Acquisition of a medical insurance cover is based on whether one is able to secure an employment that will provide for the insurance or ones ability to pay for the insurance directly. This means that the whole issue of securing medical security boils down to ones socio-economic status. Given that, most non-whhite women are disproportionally poor; this translates to their failure in accessing efficient care. Other factors that also feature in this injustice are the illegalized patient dumping, inadequate health facilities insufficient number of non-white doctors and a difficulty in obtaining prescription of certain crucial drugs. All the above, coupled with a myriad of clinical malpractices and usage of the non-white as control experiments add up to the disparities that encompass medical delivery in the. What is the governments take and agenda as far as addressing these injustices is concerned? March 23, 2010 saw the US president assent to the most comprehensive health care that America has ever had. According to this plan that is to be implemented in five phases in the next eight years, the first phase will see to it that children under the age of 26 years remain insured under their parents. Among the key issues that raised heated debate in this health plan was the increase in tax for the rich. This in the case of matters discussed in this essay will help ameliorate medical expenses for those in low socioeconomic status where most of the non-white women lie (The Christian Science Monitor 1-3). Apart from the above measures, communities and organizations should mobilize residents on the effects of health disparities and convene stakeholders like hospital CEOs and community health leaders as well as non-governmental organizations. Buy custom Healthcare Disparities essay

Advertising in Schools Essay Example for Free (#2)

Advertising in Schools Essay ? Although this semester our class has discussed the different types of advertising in the marketplace, one technique that was not discussed is that of advertising in schools. This idea is a growing technique that if conducted the right way, could perhaps benefit not only corporate organizations, but also schools and students. However, there are many critics, along with parents that feel advertising in schools is a horrible idea and could only lead to harm. Many advertisers view children as a profitable three-in-one market. That is, 1) As buyers themselves 2) As influencers of their parents purchases, and 3) As a future adult customer. Every year, children have an estimated $15 billion of their own money, of which they spend $11 billion of it on products such as toys, clothes, candy and snacks. Children also influence at least $160 billion in parental purchases. Generally speaking, today’s children have more money to spend than ever before. Companies know this and find that advertising to the ‘youth of the nation’ can be beneficial and lead to future dedicated customers. Because of the increase in children’s spending power in recent decades, advertisers have closely targeted children as consumers. New advertising strategies aimed at children have been steadily growing and expanding. The toy-related program, or program length commercial (which is just like a infomercial) is developed to sell toys, and stirred public attention and debates. Along with this form of advertising, 900-number telephone services were accused of being aimed at children. In the 1980’s, children got their own TV networks, radio networks, magazines, newspapers, kids’ clothing brands, and other high-price items such as video games and other high-tech products. Other new advertising strategies include kids’ clubs, store displays directed at children, direct mailing to children, and sponsored school activities. At first glance, selling corporate sponsorship rights to pay for school activities looks like a win-win situation. Needy schools get resources they need. Companies get new marketing opportunities that can build brand loyalty. After all, advertising in schools is nothing new. Districts have long used ads from local businesses to help pay the costs of school newspapers, yearbooks, and athletic programs. Even here at CBU our athletic department sells ads for ‘Sports Media Guides’ to local institutions as well as national organizations. A growing number of companies are offering schools money for a chance to market their products directly to students. As budgets shrink, schools must find ways to get extra funding. Many schools are doing away with fund-raising and have begun to look at corporate dollars to fund just about everything. Signing contracts with these companies seems like an easy way to get the money they need. Schools need funding for in-school activities and equipment, and, in order to reduce the number of children going home to empty houses, they need to fund many after-school activities. Product advertisements can be found almost everywhere in schools. They are most frequently found in stadiums, gymnasiums, school cafeterias, hallways, and on textbook covers. Some schools across the nation are even putting advertisements on school buses. So what types of advertising are out there in our schools? There are different categories that ads can fall into. The following categories can represent most the advertising techniques used in our schools today and give a description of how they work. Types of Advertising 1) In-school advertisements In-school ads are forms of advertising that can be found on billboards, on school buses, on scoreboards, in school hallways, in soft drink machines, or on sports uniforms. This type of advertising is also found in product coupons and in give-aways that are given to students. 2) â€Å"Exclusive rights† contracts A company gives money to schools that carry ONLY their products. Extra money can also be given if a schools’ sales exceed a certain amount(quota). 3) Corporate-sponsored educational materials and programs Sponsored educational materials include free or low-cost items which can be used for instruction. Examples of these may include; multimedia teaching kits, videotapes, software, books, posters, activity sheets, and workbooks. While some of these materials may be ad-free, others may contain advertising for the producer of the item, or they may contain biased information aimed at swaying students towards a company’s product or service. 4) Corporate-sponsored contests and incentive programs This is where students compete for prizes by selling, buying or collecting labels for a certain product. These contests and incentive programs bring brand names into the schools along with the promise of such rewards as free pizzas, cash, points towards buying educational equipment, or trips and other prizes. 5) Ads in classroom materials and programs Ads in classroom materials include any commercial messages in magazines or video programming used in school. A perfect example of this type of advertising is â€Å"Channel One†. Channel One is a 12-minute daily news show for students in grades 6 through 12 that includes two minutes of age-appropriate ads for products like jeans and soft drinks. In exchange for airing the program each day at the same time for three years, Channel One gives schools a satellite dish, a cable hookup, a television monitor for each classroom, and an agreement to service the equipment for the three years. While some state school systems had originally said ‘No’ to Channel One, the company reports to be present in some 350,000 classrooms. So what types of guidelines are set to insure that in-school advertising is done correctly and does not become overly exploited? Those who support the call for guidelines include educational groups such as the Association for Supervision and Curriculum Development, The National Parent Teacher Association, and the National Education Association. The Society of Consumer Affairs Professionals in Business(SOCAP) and Consumers International are two consumer interest groups that have formulated guidelines for sponsored materials. These guidelines suggest that†¦ † †¦ education materials should be accurate, objective, clearly written, nondiscriminatory, and noncommercial. † (Karpatkin & Holmes) In dealing with the issues of in-school commercialism, Karpatkin & Holmes suggest a three-pronged approach that includes: * Reviewing all sponsored materials and activities and holding them to the same standards as other similar items by using the SOCAP guidelines. * Pursuing noncommercial partnerships with businesses and rejecting the notion that it is ethical to bring advertising into the schools to provide materials or funds. * Begin the teaching of media literacy in elementary school, to educate children to be critical readers of advertising, propaganda, and other media messages. Groups that support advertising in schools have very strong arguments to back their case. It seems that there is a large area for investment in advertising in schools. It also appears that if handled correctly, advertising techniques in schools can lead to the raising of an overall helpful, efficient way to ‘fundraise’. Although advertising in schools may bring needed increases in funds, it is not without controversy. Many people are opposed to advertising in schools. They feel that children are being exploited for profit because big companies feel students are a captive, impressionable audience. Is there any way to balance the true goals and purposes of advertising in schools? Perhaps the best way is to have each school decide what amount and types of advertising in their schools is acceptable. And although advertising in schools seems to be a great way of obtaining funds for school activities, every school board should definitely be sure they know what they are getting into before signing any contracts with big time corporations. In-school Advertising Grace Farrell Promotional Strategy Dr. Peyton 12/02/02 Bibliography Chaika, Gloria. Education World. 1998 Education World. Consumers Union Education Services(CUES). 1990. Selling America’s Kids: Commercial Pressures on Kids of the 90’s. Yonkers, N. Y. Karpatkin, Rhoda, H. and Anita Holmes. 1995. Making schools ad-free zones. Educational Leadership 53(Sep, 1):72-76. McNeal, James U. 1990. Kids as customers. New York: Lexington Books. McNeal, James U. â€Å"Planning Priorities for Marketing to Children†. The Journal of Business Strategy. 1991. Advertising in Schools. (2016, Oct 18).

The Castle of Otranto Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

The Castle of Otranto - Essay Example However, at some point she could also be seen as one who deliberately chose to be blind to her unreciprocated feelings toward her husband and has thus fooled herself to believing that Manfred simply did not like her to worry about difficult situations. For instance, it has been expected that when Conrad died, the family members should be the ones gathering together to comfort each other. Hippolita was very worried about her husband so she sent her daughter to his side but she was driven away. Instead, Conrad’s fiancà ©e, Isabella, was summoned and without any inkling, Hippolita sent the young princess to her husband and never thought ill of her husband. The above-mentioned attitude of Hippolita may be understandable at such an emotional moment however her character is questioned at a time when she is able to think more clearly about her family’s affairs. When Manfred suggested that Matilda should be married to Prince Frederic, the woman later learned of the evil plans of the prince. Everything fell into place as she learned that Manfred had plans of divorcing her as â€Å"the recollection of Manfred’s late ambiguous discourses confirmed what she heard† (p. 79). Nevertheless, instead of trying to save her marriage or her daughter from a future she did not like to live, Hippolita used all her influence on her daughter to give in to the desires of her father. It is this event that puts into question how Hippolita claims to feel toward her daughter especially when she learns that Matilda is in love with the young Theodore. For a modern individual, it is quite difficult to comprehend a doting mother to let her child suffer a long-term relationship that can rob her daughter of the happiness she should experience with the man she loves. Having herself experienced a difficult life with her husband, Hippolita should be the first to understand and foresee what Matilda

Starting your Marketing Plan Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Starting your Marketing Plan - Essay Example A syndicated mall is a convenient location to attract people who will walk past the mall. Segment location of Zsamar’s Barber Salon will spreads around ten miles within the radius of the mall. The location of the salon will harbor a target population of 4500 people. The location of Zsamar’s Barber Salon will consider various demographic, behavioral, and geographical factors. The business will serve their target market from a centrally located region. Geographically, Zsamar’s Barber Salon immediate city is New York and the communities that will surround the business consist of 100,300 people. Demographically, the business will serve adult women, teens, young women, and children. Consequently, 3-12 years will comprise 0.1% of the target market, 13-19 years will comprise 14% of the target population, 20-30 years will comprise 26%, while 30 years and above will comprise 56% of the target population. Based on the business’ distribution, the services and product s of Zsamar’s Barber Salon will be dispensed from the central

Heart Felt Wedding Speech from the Father of the Bride -- Wedding Toas

Heart Felt Wedding Speech from the Father of the Bride Thank you Ralph for that introduction – I must say that you are looking a great deal better tonight than when I last saw you after Polly’s 21st in the morning at our home. That was not a pretty sight. GENERAL Ladies and Gentlemen I am delighted to welcome you here tonight to celebrate the Marriage of Polly and Justin. I know that many of you have travelled many thousands of Kilometres to be here with us, and I welcome you and thank you for being here. I know Polly and Justin greatly appreciate your presence and your sacrifice. As I look around the room I look and realize what dear friends we have, and I hope you have a really wonderful evening. Although this Marriage has brought us together tonight, I am reminded of what Billy Connelly said of Marriage: â€Å"Marriage is a wonderful invention, but then again so is a bicycle repair kit.† LOVE AND RELATIONSHIPS Because this is my speech, I can say whatever I like, and I would like to reflect for a few moments on love and relationships. This day ushers in the beginning of a wonderful new phase in lives of this couple. Perhaps the wisest thing anyone has ever said to me about marriage and love is this: love is a decision. On the surface it sounds a fairly clinical and unromantic assessment, but if you think about it a little deeper you will realize that there is truth in these words. It’s ea... ...on which this whole day has been built. In my life she has made me very happy, and I must take this opportunity to thank her not only for her enduring and mostly patient love, but also for planning and executing such a wonderful day as today. TOAST When I look back over the many wonderful years of my marriage, I envy Polly and Justin as they embark on one of life’s most exciting, and â€Å"interesting† journeys. It is now my very great privilege to propose a toast to my daughter and new son-in-law. Could you all please stand and with all the very best wishes, raise your glasses to Polly and Justin, as we wish them the greatest health and happiness for their future life together. TO POLLY AND JUSTIN!

Food Safety Essay

1.1 Health and Safety at work Act 1974 Management of Health and Safety at Work Regulation 1999 Health and Safety (First Aid) Regulation 1981 include amendment on 2009 The Electricity at Work regulations 1989 Manual Handling Operations Regulations 1992 Reporting of Injuries, Diseases and Dangerous Occurrences Regulations 1995 Communicable diseases and infection control Working Time Regulations 1998 Care Standard Act 2000 Control of exposure to Hazardous to Health 1999 Food Safety Act 1990 and Food Hygiene Regulations 2005. Environmental Protection Act 1990. 1.2 The health and safety at work act 1974 is the main piece of legislation that covers employees for health and safety in the workplace. The main points of health and safety policies and procedures agreed with the employer are, minimal moving and handling, ensuring any materials or equipment is stored away safely. To be aware of any hazards and to minimise risk, also to be responsible for your own safety as well as others. Ensure you are wearing the correct PPE equipment when needed. 1.3 Take reasonable care of my own health and safety If possible avoid wearing jewellery or loose clothing if operating machinery If I have long hair or wear a headscarf, make sure it’s tucked out of the way so as not to get it caught in machinery or moving parts To take reasonable care not to put other people – fellow employees and members of the public – at risk by what I do or don’t do in the course of my work To co-operate with my employer, making sure I get all of the relevant training and understand and follow the company’s health and safety policies Not to interfere with or misuse anything that’s been provided for my health, safety or welfare To report any injuries, strains or illnesses I may suffer as a result of doing your job To tell my employer if something happens that might affect my ability to work, as my employer has a legal responsibility for my  health and safety. 1.4 Employers have legal duties to give health and safety information and training to all employees. Training should include all the risks that employees are exposed to and the precautions needed. It is usual for all new staff to be given induction training on joining the home care service. The training should make clear the areas of activity home carers should and should not undertake and should also give guidance on appropriate footwear and clothing. Where the risk assessment identifies that such clothing is required to protect staff from hazards they should be provided and maintained at no cost to members. Induction programmes must also include health and safety training and should cover: †¢ Manual handling †¢ Infection control †¢ Fire procedures †¢ First aid †¢ Basic hygiene †¢ Food preparation, storage and hygiene †¢ Dealing with emergency situations †¢ The use of protective clothing and/or equipment. UNISON safety representatives have the right to be consulted on the type and level of health and safety training and information developed or offered to members. In addition to the induction, training should be given to employees when: †¢ There is a transfer of job, a change in clients or changes in responsibility †¢ New equipment is used, †¢ There are changes in work methods. Employers must also provide information for employees, that is easy to understand and which is relevant. Information for people find it difficult understanding or reading English should also be considered. 3.1 Different types of accidents in my work setting could range from burning myself on hot liquid or chemicals, getting body parts caught in machinery, tripping over, right through to being attacked by someone with challenging  behaviour. Sudden illnesses could be sickness and diarreha, flu, right through to any disease a service user or college may have. 3.2 If an accident or sudden illness occurs then first thing to do, if necessary, would be to call for appropriate help. Any accident must be reported to on call and also recorded in the accident book which is located at every house. The form which has been completed should then be taken to management. An investigation should be held to determine whether the accident was preventable and seek a solution to fix the hazard. Any illnesses should be reported immediately to on call and employees should not come into work but instead seek medical advice and obtain a sick not if necessary. When a service user becomes ill then on call should be called to seek further advice on what should be done. 4.1 My own role in supporting others to prevent the spread of infection is to set a good example, always wearing the appropriate PPE, using COSHH and advising others when they aren’t sure. Also if I see others who may not be carrying out necessary precautions I will advise them appropriately. 5.1 EUROPEAN DIRECTIVE 90/269 on manual handling, introduced on 31st December 1992 and adopted in Britain as the MANUAL HANDLING OPERATIONS REGULATIONS. SECTIONS 2 AND 7 OF THE HEALTH AND SAFETY AT WORK ACT (HASAWA) 1974 5.2 Always bend your knees when lifting any object, and ensure to keep the object close to the body when lifting. Never lift over 25kg by yourself but ask for help when needed. The individuals support plan must be read and followed closely, whilst following all the risk assessments. Ensure all the lifting equipment used has been checked and the test is in date before use.. 6.1 Hazardous substances come in many different forms; Chemicals, like cleaning products and rodent repellent can be a hazard. Others are forms of human waste, like bodily fluid, faeces, saliva and blood. Some hazardous substances may not be listed on COSHH, for example asbestos, although may be present in the environment. 7.1 Fit smoke alarms that have a BS kite mark, ensure they are tested at least once a month and batteries are replaced annually. Always use proper candle holders, and ensure any candles are lit away from any potentially flammable substances. Keep heaters away from furniture and never place anything on the heater. Always ensure there is a fixed fireguard around any open fire. It is good practice to switch off and unplug unnecessary appliances before going to bed. Always use the correct fuses in plugs and avoid using mult way extensions. The best way to stop a fire spreading is to keep all doors closed, especially bedroom doors. Keep all flammable liquids and gasses locked away in a cool place. 7.3 In the event of a fire at work the alarm should be raised immediately. People in the building should leave immediately via the nearest fire exit and should assemble at the designated assembly point.. The fire service should be called as soon as possible. Everyone should be accounted for as soon as possible and no one should be allowed back into the building for any reason. 8.3 It is important others are aware of your own whereabouts for emergency reasons. If there is a fire and no one knows you are in the building then the consequences could be severe. 9.1 Cognitive Symptoms Memory problems Inability to concentrate Poor judgment Seeing only the negative Anxious or racing thoughts Constant worrying Emotional Symptoms Moodiness Irritability or short temper Agitation, inability to relax Feeling overwhelmed Sense of loneliness and isolation Depression or general unhappiness Physical Symptoms Aches and pains Diarrhea or constipation Nausea, dizziness Chest pain, rapid heartbeat Loss of sex drive Frequent colds Behavioural Symptoms Eating more or less Sleeping too much or too little Isolating yourself from others Procrastinating or neglecting responsibilities Using alcohol, cigarettes, or drugs to relax Nervous habits (e.g. nail biting, pacing) 9.2 Signs that indicate own stress could be lack of sleep, high blood pressure, fast heartbeat, nausea, bad sleeping pattern, unable to cope with everyday living, having excessive time on sick leave, not eating enough, or eating too much. Other signs include mood swings, violent outburst, sudden weight loss or gain. 9.3 Unrealistic workloads and targets, poor time management, people with unrealistic expectations of yourself. Heavy workload can trigger my own  stress as it causes me to worry about how I will complete the workload on time and to a satisfactory standard. To overcome this I can ensure I prioritise the workload and ensure I complete one piece of work before moving on to the next, to maximise efficiency. Poor time management can trigger stress because I don’t like to be unreliable. Managing this by leaving earlier. People having unrealistic expectations of me makes me feel like I should be performing or acting in a way that I would not be able to comfortably operate. To overcome this I let people know when I feel they may be expecting too much from me. 9.4 2 strategies to be compared are; 1.Taking 5 minutes out to get away from the situation. 2.Trying to resolve the situation immediately in the same stressful situation. The first strategy allows for the person to get away from the stress triggers, which allows for the person to be able to calmly think about how they can resolve or help the situation at hand. This also allows for the person to make more informed and sensible decisions and may be more effective to solving the problem The second strategy, although it may work at times, is not as effective as the first as the person is still in the situation that triggered the stress and therefor may not be able to make an effective decision or come up with an efficient and effective solution.